Spatial and seasonal distribution of multi-elements in suspended particulate matter (SPM) in tidally dominated Hooghly river estuary and their ecotoxicological relevance
作者： Soumita Mitra , Mathummal Sudarshan , MP Jonathan , Santosh Kumar Sarkar , Sandeep Thakur
DOI: 10.1007/S11356-020-07662-2
关键词: Particulates 、 Pollution 、 Estuary 、 Relative species abundance 、 Environmental chemistry 、 Ecotoxicology 、 Salinity 、 Phytoplankton 、 Enrichment factor 、 Chemistry
摘要: The present work represented first study of the spatio-seasonal distribution multi-elements in suspended particulate matter (SPM) tropical Hooghly river estuary (HRE), eastern part India. high load SPM (20–3460 mg/l) might have induced negative impact on phytoplankton density. relative abundance studied elements exhibited following decreasing trend (concentration μg/g and %): Si(26.44 ± 3.75%) > Al(7.94 ± 1.52%) > Fe(6.17 ± 1.9%) > K(3.05 ± 1.5%) > Ca(1.97 ± 1.11%) > Mg(1.57 ± 1.71%) > Na(1.45 ± 8.40%) > Mn(1273 ± 2003) > Zn(178.43 ± 130.95) > V(151.54 ± 27.13) > Cr(147.08 ± 32.21) > Cu(62.06 ± 14.03) > Ni(49.64 ± 12.09) > Pb(21.5 ± 10.45). accumulation Ni, Cr, Pb, Cu is mainly controlled by formation Fe hydroxides along with organic carbon (POC) salinity. average geo-accumulation index (Igeo) enrichment factor (EF) endorsed substantial input Cr (Igeo = 0.037; EF = 1.61) Zn (Igeo = 0.123; EF = 2.07) from diffused pollution sources. From ecotoxicological point view, quality guidelines (QGs) suggested that Ni possess frequent adverse biological effects. However, mean probable effect level (PEL) quotient values revealed 49% probability toxicity to aquatic biota for five toxic (Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb). geochemical approaches, indices, statistical evaluation together low moderate contamination estuary. This baseline data would be beneficial adopting proper management strategies sustainable utilization restoration water resources. authors strongly recommend continuous systematic monitoring installation treatment plants this stressed
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