Lead Poisoning Due to Lead-Pellet Ingestion in Griffon Vultures (Gyps fulvus) From the Iberian Peninsula

摘要: Avian scavengers that typically include game birds and mammals in their diets are at risk of lead poisoning from ingestion carcasses with fragmented or residual ammunition is used hunting. Thus, may be one the threats griffon vulture ( Gyps fulvus ) faces Iberian Peninsula particularly Portugal, where conservation status considered to near-threatened. This first report details 3 cases poisoning, associated shot, adult female vultures found Peninsula. The were prostrate immediately transferred a wildlife rehabilitation center, they died within 24 hours after supportive treatment. Necropsy histopathologic examinations done 2 metal analyses all determine birds' causes death. In vulture, 9 uneroded pellets recovered stomach, moderate severe hemosiderosis was seen histologically liver, lungs, kidneys. Diagnosis confirmed by results analyses, which revealed extremely high concentrations blood (969-1384 μg/dL), liver (309-1077 μg/g dry weight), kidneys (36-100 weight) for vultures. To prevent preserve populations Peninsula, more resources needed diagnosis treatment centers, new regulations enabling abandonment fallen stock field must approved, prohibited big-game