Mucoadhesive Micro-/Nano Carriers in Ophthalmic Drug Delivery: an Overview

摘要: The eye is a challenging organ for ophthalmic drug delivery due to the barriers associated with anterior and posterior segments like nasolacrimal drainage, blinking, induced lacrimation, impermeability of corneal epithelial membrane, blood-ocular barrier. Although there are conventional approaches, such as drop, ointment, suspension, implants, injection, they suffer from limitations low bioavailability, poor patient compliance (due invasive approach repeated dosing), potential several side effects. This review explored various mucoadhesive polymers, derivatized different modification methods polymer derivatization (via carboxymethylation, thiolation, quaternization) their effective toward application. Various types micro nanoparticulate systems polymer-based carriers have been also exemplified discussed here improved medicinal efficacy. To address issues formulations, has proposed. emerging technologies play an important role in development more efficient obtained by or core polymers functional groups carboxymethyl, amine, new generation thiols. Mucoadhesive form bonding mucin (hydrogen, covalent, electrostatic bonding, etc.) enhance residence time cellular uptake drug. designed associate overcome ocular therapeutic