Aquatic Toxicity of Phthalate Esters

作者: Christopher A. Bradlee , Paul Thomas

DOI: 10.1007/B11469

关键词: PhthalateMetabolismChronic toxicityAquatic toxicologyTest materialVitellogeninChemistryPharmacologyEndocrine systemToxicity

摘要: The aquatic toxicity of Phthalate esters is discussed in this chapter. This chapter begins with an examination the physico-chemical properties phthalate that have a significant influence on toxicity. Acute and chronic are then reviewed focus effects. concludes discussion studies examined potential for endocrine modulating effects organisms. Perhaps what most notable about regard to their they demonstrate solubility cut-point (threshold) so alkyl chain length C6 or greater water solubilities less than 1mg/L. acute data show while lower phthalates (

参考文章(30)
R. B. Laughlin, J. M. Neff, Y. C. Hrung, T. C. Goodwin, C. S. Giam, The effects of three phthalate esters on the larval development of the grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio (Holthuis) Water Air and Soil Pollution. ,vol. 9, pp. 323- 336 ,(1978) , 10.1007/BF00280681
Tsutomu Shioda, Meiko Wakabayashi, Effect of certain chemicals on the reproduction of medaka () Chemosphere. ,vol. 40, pp. 239- 243 ,(2000) , 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00235-0
Chris D. Metcalfe, Tracy L. Metcalfe, Yiannis Kiparissis, Brenda G. Koenig, Colin Khan, Richard J. Hughes, Timothy R. Croley, Raymond E. March, Thomas Potter, Estrogenic potency of chemicals detected in sewage treatment plant effluents as determined by in vivo assays with Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. ,vol. 20, pp. 297- 308 ,(2001) , 10.1002/ETC.5620200210
William J. Adams, Gregory R. Biddinger, Kenneth A. Robillard, Joseph W. Gorsuch, A summary of the acute toxicity of 14 phthalate esters to representative aquatic organisms Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. ,vol. 14, pp. 1569- 1574 ,(1995) , 10.1002/ETC.5620140916
Charles O. Knowles, Michael J. McKee, Donald U. Palawski, Chronic effects of DI-2-ethylhexyl phthalate on biochemical composition, survival and reproduction ofDaphnia magna Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. ,vol. 6, pp. 201- 208 ,(1987) , 10.1002/ETC.5620060305
Thomas F. Parkerton, Wolfgang J. Konkel, Application of quantitative structure--activity relationships for assessing the aquatic toxicity of phthalate esters. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. ,vol. 45, pp. 61- 78 ,(2000) , 10.1006/EESA.1999.1841
William E. Gledhill, Robert G. Kaley, William J. Adams, Orville. Hicks, Paul R. Michael, Victor W. Saeger, Gerald A. LeBlanc, An environmental safety assessment of butyl benzyl phthalate. Environmental Science & Technology. ,vol. 14, pp. 301- 305 ,(1980) , 10.1021/ES60163A001
J. E. Harries, T. Runnalls, E. Hill, C. A. Harris, S. Maddix, J. P. Sumpter, C. R. Tyler, Development of a Reproductive Performance Test for Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals Using Pair-Breeding Fathead Minnows (Pimephales promelas) Environmental Science & Technology. ,vol. 34, pp. 3003- 3011 ,(2000) , 10.1021/ES991292A
David L. Defoe, Gary W. Holcombe, Dean E. Hammermeister, Kenneth E. Biesinger, Solubility and toxicity of eight phthalate esters to four aquatic organisms Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. ,vol. 9, pp. 623- 636 ,(1990) , 10.1002/ETC.5620090509
Dora R. May Passino, Stephen B. Smith, Acute bioassays and hazard evaluation of representative contaminants detected in great lakes fish Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. ,vol. 6, pp. 901- 907 ,(1987) , 10.1002/ETC.5620061111