Language Contact and Language Change

摘要: In principle, the study of language contact can be defined open-endedly, dealing with gamut linguistic and sociolinguistic components, ranging from microscopic analysis recorded speech fragments to fate nations. present review we are concerned more narrowly kinds change traditionally dealt by historical linguists, such as changes in basic grammatical structure varieties associated reasonably stable social groups (rather than, say, immigrant second-language acquisition or breakdown grammar last speaker a language). We cover following topics: (a) structural convergence, code-switching, borrowing; (b) attested adaptation patterns teleological interpretations thereof; (c) variability forms borrowings; (d) productive routines; (e) role early borrowings ongoing (f) hybrids "false" (g) limits borrowing relationship pidgins/ creoles; (h) play; (i) self-conscious officially sponsored elimination borrowings.