Toward resilient communities: A performance-based engineering framework for design and evaluation of the built environment

摘要: A community is a dynamic system of people, organizations, and patterned relationships interactions. Most these interactions are physically supported by community's built environment, complex interdependent network engineered subsystems components, including buildings, bridges, pipelines, transmission towers, other structures. As result, the environment plays crucial role in enabling to function successfully, providing foundations for much economic social activities that characterize modern society. Natural hazards such as earthquakes, hurricanes, floods can damage which turn disrupt security, economy, safety, health, welfare public. In response, many communities have developed implemented regulatory frameworks order ensure individual parts attain minimum levels performance.This thesis proposes performance-based engineering framework design evaluation improve overall resilience natural hazards. It begins examining currently used United States evaluate withstand effects earthquakes Specifically, it analyzes building codes standards establish performance expectations buildings lifelines. To this end, first identifies describes attributes or characteristics an ideal framework. Then, using guide, discusses both strengths shortcomings current The most significant shortcoming its lack integrated, coordinated, comprehensive approach establishing components environment. Consequently, objectives not tied broader targets community, primarily because community-level typically do exist.The growing interest resilient sustainable necessitates updated framework, one employs account environment's numerous subsystems, design, analyze, regulate commercial nuclear power plants assure their safety offers promising template follow. Despite obvious differences configuration, multi- faceted, systems comprising interacting cut across diverse range disciplines professions. handles consistent logical manner, informed partly explicit set system-level plant. Furthermore, tools procedures employed been successfully refined extensively over past several decades, resulting improvements understanding how complex, behave efficacy itself.This studies and, recent developments from rapidly evolving fields lifeline interdependency, adapts use setting. integrated This new provides transparent, performance-based, risk-informed methodology various enhance community. also presents conceptual examples illustrate implementation proposed demonstration develop seismic residential goal.Ultimately, work presented herein has potential change way engineers, planners, stakeholders comprehensive, coordinated planners policymakers subsequently, engineers calibrate designs meet targets. Though additional required, findings much-needed transformation on component-by-component basis at level. Future iterations should aim expand scope beyond disaster address incorporate sustainability considerations like carbon footprint, energy efficiency, resource consumption, environmental impact