Multiple output production with undesirable outputs: an application to nitrogen surplus in agriculture

摘要: Many production processes yield both good outputs and undesirable ones (e.g., pollutants). In this article we develop a generalization of stochastic frontier model that is appropriate for such technologies. We discuss efficiency analysis and, in particular, define technical environmental the context our model. methods carrying out Bayesian inference apply them to panel data set Dutch dairy farms, where excess nitrogen constitutes an important problem.