Making and breaking the innervation of the ear: neurotrophic support during ear development and its clinical implications.

摘要: Analyses of single and double mutants members the neurotrophin family their receptors are reviewed. These data demonstrate that two neurotrophins, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) 3 (NT-3), high-affinity trkB trkC, sole support for developing afferent innervation ear. Neurotrophins first expressed in otocyst around time sensory neurons become postmitotic. They crucial survival certain topologically distinct populations neurons. BDNF supports all to semicircular canals, most saccule utricle, many apex middle turn cochlea. In contrast, NT-3 few utricle saccule, basal cochlea apical turn. Some restricted effects reflect pattern distribution as revealed by situ hybridization (e.g., loss canal epithelia or mutants). However, other cannot be explained on basis current knowledge receptor distribution. Data also notion may play a role neonatal plastic reorganization ear possibly brainstem. obtained thus far ability neurotrophins rescue adult neuron after insults cochlear hair cells less compelling. The is model system test interactions NT-3, with receptors, trkC.