Belowground top-down and aboveground bottom-up effects structure multitrophic community relationships in a biodiverse forest.

摘要: Ecosystem functioning and human well-being critically depend on numerous species interactions above- belowground. However, unraveling the structure of multitrophic interaction webs at ecosystem level is challenging for biodiverse ecosystems. Attempts to identify major relationships between trophic levels usually rely simplified proxies, such as diversity. Here, we propose consider full information composition across levels, using Procrustes correlation structural equation models. We show that data a highly diverse subtropical forest-with 5,716 taxa 25 groups- reveal strong interrelationships among plants, arthropods, microorganisms, indicating complex interactions. found substantial support top-down effects microorganisms belowground, important feedbacks microbial symbionts, pathogens, decomposers plant communities. In contrast, aboveground pathways were characterized by bottom-up control plants including many non-trophic links. Additional analyses based diversity patterns revealed much weaker interrelationships. Our study suggests communities in our forest system are structured via belowground biota which turn affect arthropod levels. Moreover, shows consequences loss will be more than indicated studies solely