Biomechanics of soft tissues.

摘要: Recent developments in Computer-Integrated and Robot-Aided Surgery (in particular, the emergence of automatic surgical tools robots (as well as advances Virtual Reality techniques, call for closer examination mechanical properties very soft tissues (such brain, liver, kidney, etc.). Moreover, internal organs are susceptible to trauma. In order protect them properly against car crash other impact consequences we need be able predict organ deformation. Such prediction can achieved by proper mathematical modelling followed a computer simulation. The ultimate goal our research into biomechanics these is development corresponding, realistic models. This paper contains experimental results vitro, uniaxial, unconfined compression swine brain tissue obtained author Mechanical Engineering Laboratory, Japan, discusses liver kidney vivo experiments conducted Highway Safety Research Institute Medical Centre University Michigan. stress-strain curves investigated concave upward all rates containing no linear portion from which meaningful elastic modulus might determined. response stiffened loading speed increased, indicating strong stress (strain rate dependence. As step direction towards simulation injuries procedures, this presents two representations stiffness. Biphasic single-phase models discussed. biphasic model shown inappropriate due its inability account relationship. Agreement between proposed experiment good levels reaching 30% velocities varying over five orders magnitude. Presented find applications robot assisted surgery, e.g. procedures (including virtual reality), control systems robots, non-rigid registration, ergonomic design injury prevention.