Aging and stress: past hypotheses, present approaches and perspectives.
作者： Pedro Garrido , None
DOI:
关键词: Hippocampus 、 Corticosterone 、 Amygdala 、 Chronic stress 、 Neuroplasticity 、 Neuroscience 、 Biology 、 Prefrontal cortex 、 Environmental enrichment 、 Physical exercise
摘要: Brain aging has been suggested to be conditioned by an excessive glucocortioid secretion leading damages on brain areas involved not only in cognitive and emotional processes but also the control of activity hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis. This review describes some hypothesis that try explain relation between dysregulation stress response aging, focusing corticosterone neurotransmission hippocampus, prefrontal cortex amygdala. Moreover, different molecular factors can account for enhanced vulnerability aged exposure, specially resilience. Among them, good candidates could those mechanisms determining levels brain, several molecules downstream glucocorticoid receptor activation (ie: heat shock proteins, BAG-1) or even epigenetic programming HPA axis early stages. In conclusion, genetic environmental (early life stress, chronic during adulthood) produce a reduced resilience subsequent exposures metabolic challenges leading, turn, unsuccessful brain. However, results obtained with use enrichment model animals, added humans described this suggest positive (cognitive-demanding tasks physical exercise) help maintain neuronal plasticity protect against damaging effects exposure.
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