Regulation of spermatogenesis by paracrine/autocrine testicular factors.

摘要: Spermatogenesis is a complex process regulated by endocrine and testicular paracrine/autocrine factors. Gonadotropins are involved in the regulation of several paracrine factors, mainly IL-1 family hormones. Testicular cytokines growth factors (such as IL-1, IL-6, TNF, IFN-gamma, LIF SCF) were shown to affect both germ cell proliferation Leydig Sertoli cells functions secretion. Cytokines produced immune interstitial seminiferous tubular compartments various cells, including Sertoli, Leydig, peritubular spermatogonia, differentiated spermatogonia even spermatozoa. Corresponding cytokine factor receptors demonstrated on some cells. These also control secretion gonadotropins testosterone testis. Under pathological conditions levels pro-inflammatory increased negatively affected spermatogenesis. Thus, expression mechanisms should be considered future therapeutic strategies for male infertility.