Factors affecting learning and decision-making in the Iowa Gambling Task

摘要: Damasio's somatic marker hypothesis (SMH; Damasio, 1994, 1996) integrates emotion with rational decision-making using evidence drawn from neurology, neuroscience and performance on a now widely cited test developed to model real-life in laboratory setting (the Iowa Gambling Task; Bechara, Damasio Anderson, 1994). The SMH posits critical input an embodied emotional system (somatic markers) making decisions choice situations. But consideration of how the undamaged brain interacts body has some interesting somewhat controversial implications context modern psychological research behaviour. In interpreting behaviour IGT accordance three central assumptions have been made: a) that markers indicate goodness or badness alternatives without them cannot become optimal, b) this biasing guidance can occur unconsciously absence explicit knowledge, c) operates so as maximize achieve best outcome long-term. Experiments described thesis explored validity second third found they are not accurately reflected IGT. importance information about instructions participants receive suggested knowledge task is more factor than any input. No influence prior emergence sufficient guide was found. Instead there were indications precedes activity Novel manipulations reinforcement contingencies individual decks also revealed immediate outcomes choices important determinant subsequent Selection does solely depend long-term outcomes.