Smoking's effect on hangover symptoms

摘要: Epidemiological, laboratory, and clinical research consistently suggest that drinking smoking are highly comorbid, with significant public health outcomes. However, the more proximal consequences of co-occurring smoking, such as hangover, have seldom been studied. The current study sought to examine unique effect on determine if there is an interaction between in predicting hangover. Smokers (n=115, reporting 100 lifetime cigarettes past-month smoking; age 18-19; 57% female; 96% Caucasian) completed a daily web-based survey for 8 weeks assess history prior-day alcohol tobacco use well day hangover symptoms. Prior number drinks (M=2.55, SD=4.74) (M=7.16, SD=6.67) were assessed. We also created variable reflecting percent smoked above usual, computed by dividing quantity mean across 56 days (M=1.00, SD=0.75). Current was constructed taking 5 items: tired, headache, nauseated, weak, difficulty concentrating things, each ranging from (1) not at all (7) extremely (α=0.92). Data analyzed using multilevel models periodicity (weekday vs. weekend) sex controlled. Both usual univariately predicted (standardized β=0.62; std. β =0.37; p’s < .001) nearly strong magnitude did (std. =0.68, p .001). When controlled, both uniquely strongly =0.12; =0.07; Most noteworthy finding interacted synergistic fashion predict (β =0.04, Several interpretations observed effects possible. One possibility nicotine other aspects make direct pharmacologic contribution expression. An alternate behavioral markers underlying genetic liability sensitivity drug effects. Methods Results