Malaria Epidemics in Africa: Prediction, Detection and Response

摘要: textabstractMalaria kills at least one million people worldwide every year and 80% of the deaths occur in Africa south Sahara (RBM et al. 2005). According to a new estimate using combination epidemiological, geographical demographic data, there were 515 clinical episodes Plasmodium falciparum malaria (range 300 million—660 million) 2002, 50% more than those reported by World Health Organization (WHO) (Snow Malaria has become major obstacle economic growth endemic developing countries (Gallup Sachs 2001). In most countries, are inadequate human, logistics financial resources poor infrastructure deal with problem. The Abuja Declaration issued African Leaders 2000 set goal for Roll Back (RBM) initiative reduce malaria-related mortality half 2010, calling on governments, international organizations communities intensify fight against this deadly disease 2000). To achieve goal, it was recommended significantly increase access prompt effective treatment insecticidetreated nets (ITNs) risk, intermittent preventive (IPT) pregnant women. Whether ambitious will be realized is yet seen but renewed effort mainly through Global Fund Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis (GFATM) alleviate problem many (WHO/UNICEF 2003). Resistance antimalarial drugs such as chloroquine sulfadoxinepyrimethamine (SP) providing Africa. As result, several had changed their national drug policy adopted artemisinin-based therapy (ACT) However, universal implementation still its early stages largely due imperative cost these which about 10 times that traditional drugs. ITN distribution increased, coverage very low countries. Many have also started implementing IPT women