Confounding of norm-based and adaptation effects in brain responses

摘要: Separate neuroscience experiments have examined two properties of neural coding for perceptual stimuli. Adaptation studies seek a graded recovery from adaptation with ever greater dissimilarity between pairs Studies prototype effects test larger absolute response to stimulus which is distant the center space. While intellectually distinct, these are confounded in measurement standard paradigms and can be mistaken one another. Stimuli more distinctive less subject neighbors. Therefore, putative effect may simply result prototypical stimuli by other experiment. Conversely, most perceptually another, therefore expected show greatest adaptation, disproportionately draw extremes Thus, an apparent similarity created underlying representation. We simulate BOLD fMRI results driven each possible demonstrate spurious support complementary effect. then present example experiment that demonstrates confound how it minimized. Finally, we discuss implications this intrinsic representation, coding, category learning.