The promise of ketamine for treatment-resistant depression: current evidence and future directions

摘要: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most disabling diseases worldwide and becoming a significant public health threat. Current treatments for MDD primarily consist monoamine-targeting agents have limited efficacy. However, glutamate neurotransmitter system has recently come into focus as promising alternative novel antidepressant treatments. We review current data on NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine, which been shown in clinical trials to act rapid MDD. also examine ketamine efficacy dimensions psychopathology, including anhedonia, cognition, suicidality, consistent with NIMH Research Domain Criteria initiative. Other aspects reviewed this paper include safety efficacy, different administration methods, risks misuse outside medical settings. Finally, we conclude discussion glutamatergic other than currently being tested antidepressants.