Estimation of investment model cost parameters for VSC HVDC transmission infrastructure

摘要: Abstract Investment model cost parameters for VSC HVDC transmission infrastructure continue to be associated with high uncertainty and their validity remains a crucial challenge. Thus, it is the key objective of this analysis identify new parameter set providing better investment estimates than currently available sets. This estimation based on previously conducted review including its collection existing sets project reference data. By using particle swarm optimisation, overall error function review's evaluation methodology minimised obtain an optimal set. The results show, however, that optimised are far from being realistic useful, which why improved developed. Effectively penalising negative near-zero coefficients, delivers well-performing when minimised. In fact, produces back-to-back, interconnector, offshore wind connection projects any Therefore, valuable contribution shall considered in future grid analyses involving technology.