Change Is Good: Variations in Common Biological Mechanisms in the Epsilonproteobacterial Genera Campylobacter and Helicobacter

摘要: Summary: Microbial evolution and subsequent species diversification enable bacterial organisms to perform common biological processes by a variety of means. The epsilonproteobacteria are diverse class prokaryotes that thrive in habitats. Many these environmental niches labeled as extreme, whereas other include various sites within human, animal, insect hosts. Some epsilonproteobacteria, such Campylobacter jejuni Helicobacter pylori, pathogens humans inhabit specific regions the gastrointestinal tract. As such, pathogenic spp. often modeled after those enteric Salmonella Escherichia coli. While many exquisite mechanisms involving biochemical processes, genetic regulatory pathways, pathogenesis disease have been elucidated from studies E. coli, paradigms do not apply same epsilonproteobacteria. Instead, bacteria display extensive variation relative prototypical bacteria. In this review, five commonly studied model compared C. H. pylori. Distinct differences flagellar biosynthesis, DNA uptake recombination, iron homeostasis, interaction with epithelial cells, protein glycosylation highlighted. Collectively, support broader view vast repertoire employed suggest future will continue provide novel interesting information regarding prokaryotic cellular biology.