FDI and pollution havens: Evidence from the Norwegian manufacturing sector
作者： Alief A. Rezza
DOI: 10.1016/J.ECOLECON.2013.03.014
关键词: Capital stock 、 Foreign direct investment 、 International economics 、 Manufacturing sector 、 Norwegian 、 International trade 、 Empirical research 、 Enforcement 、 Business 、 Investment (macroeconomics) 、 Parent company 、 Economics and Econometrics 、 General Environmental Science
摘要: Abstract This is an empirical study of the firm and country determinants foreign direct investment (FDI) how it affected by stringency environmental regulations in host countries. We employ disaggregated data on sales Norwegian multinationals' affiliates from 1999 to 2005 that allow such be categorized as either efficiency-seeking (vertical) or market-seeking (horizontal) FDI. While a its enforcement are found have no effect average investment, we find significant negative multinationals with vertical motives. Compared those located lenient countries, more environmentally regulated countries receive less their parent companies terms (i) equity capital, (ii) capital stock, (iii) assets. further total exports Norway decrease level enforced
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