On the Origin of the Light Elements (D, 3He, 4He and 7Li)

摘要: The abundances of the very light elements (D, 3He, 4He and 7Li) constitute indeed one most powerful constraints in cosmology : they are known to fix interesting limits on baryonic density Universe maximum number neutrino (lepton) families frame simplest canonical models. Given importance these predictions, models should be analysed cautiously at recent developments observations elements. In order make consistent with observations, it is argued that a thorough destruction D occur during galactic evolution. Moreover this review deals also some invoking possible existence massive unstable neutrinos, gravitinos or photinos which would decay into high energy photons quark nuggets could created quark-hadron phase transitions. Such have been designed an attempt overcome limitation coming from abundance determinations. Although simple especially attractive such cannot disregarded.