The forest and the trees: relational and specific factors in addiction treatment

摘要: Aims Increased expectations for the use of evidence-based methods in addiction treatment have fueled a debate regarding relative importance ‘specific’ versus ‘common’ factors outcome. This review explores influence these on Methods The authors and link findings from four decades research specific general outcome research. Findings Although few would argue that what one does is immaterial, studies tend to find small no difference when are compared with each other or as usual. In contrast, there usually substantial differences among therapists client outcomes, relational such therapist empathy therapeutic alliance can be significant determinants Conclusions treatment, empathy, which often described common, non-specific factors, should not dismissed because they vary substantially across providers it unclear how common actually are. Similarly relegated ‘non-specific’ status, important influences specified incorporated into clinical training.