Evolutionary perspective on sex differences in the expression of neurological diseases.

摘要: Sex-specific brain and cognitive deficits emerge with malnutrition, some infectious neurodegenerative diseases, often prenatal or postnatal toxin exposure. These are described in disparate literatures generally not linked to one another. Sexual selection may provide a unifying framework that integrates our understanding of these provides direction for future studies sex-specific vulnerabilities. Sexually selected traits those have evolved facilitate competition reproductive resources influence mate choices, larger more complex than other traits. Critically, disease, chronic social stress, exposure man-made toxins compromise the development expression sexually strongly The fundamental mechanism underlying vulnerability might be efficiency mitochondrial energy capture control oxidative stress turn links current advances neuroenergetics, endocrinology, toxicology. key idea is elaboration abilities, gray matter extensive inter-modular white connections, makes them particularly sensitive disruptions functioning stress. A human abilities systems proposed used organize what currently known about