Indirect potable reuse: a sustainable water supply alternative.

摘要: The growing scarcity of potable water supplies is among the most important issues facing many cities, in particular those using single sources that are climate dependent. Consequently, urban centers looking to alternative supply can supplement variable rainfall and meet demands population growth. A diversified portfolio required ensure public health, as well social, economical environmental sustainability. One options considered augmentation drinking with advanced treated recycled water. This paper aims provide a state art review recycling for purposes emphasis on membrane treatment processes. An overview significant indirect reuse projects presented followed by description epidemiological toxicological studies evaluating any potential human health impacts. Finally, summary key operational measures protect areas require further research discussed.