Tuberculosis--the threat re-emerges.

摘要: Tuberculosis remains a significant problem in Australia with five to six new cases per 100,000 of the population year. The majority occur individuals born outside Australia. Approximately 70% is pulmonary disease and 30% nonpulmonary. Diagnosis can be made by history, clinical examination, Mantoux testing, chest X-ray plus thoracic CT scan sputum analysis. Occasionally bronchoscopy and/or fine needle aspiration biopsy may indicated. Six months appropriate supervised chemotherapy achieves 98% cure. Healthcare workers are at special risk infection should have testing; if this negative then either BCG or regular surveillance recommended. Whilst multi-drug resistant tuberculosis relatively uncommon Australia, it United States parts South East Asia such patients often come surgical resection their tuberculous lesions; during healthcare exposed potentially lethal infection.