Evaluating genomic signatures of “the large X‐effect” during complex speciation
DOI: 10.1111/MEC.14777
关键词: Population 、 Haldane's rule 、 Natural selection 、 Biology 、 Reproductive isolation 、 Chromosome 、 Autosome 、 Genetic algorithm 、 Gene flow 、 Evolutionary biology
摘要: The ubiquity of the “two rules speciation”— Haldane’s rule and large X-effect— imply a general, special role for sex chromosomes in evolution intrinsic postzygotic reproductive isolation. recent proliferation genome-scale analyses has revealed two further general observations: (1) complex speciation involving some form gene flow is not uncommon; (2) male- female-heterogametic taxa tend to show elevated differentiation relative autosomes. Together these observations are consistent with histories which population genetic at autosomal loci reduced by while natural selection against hybrid incompatibilities renders relatively refractory flow. Here I summarize multi-locus genomic evidence greater on X (or Z) versus autosomes consider possible causes. review common circumstances no and/or interspecific that nevertheless expected elevate then theory why X-effects exist and, more generally, mediating local adaptation. observed levels chromosome differentiation, many cases, appear simple explanations requiring neither nor Discerning signatures during will therefore require go beyond chromosome-scale summaries explicitly test differential introgression, integrate experimental data.
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