Higher levels of multiple ecosystem services are found in forests with more tree species

摘要: Forests are of major importance to human society, contributing several crucial ecosystem services. Biodiversity is suggested positively influence multiple services but evidence from natural systems at scales relevant management scarce. Here, across a scale 400,000 km(2), we report that tree species richness in production forests shows positive hump-shaped relationships with These include biomass, soil carbon storage, berry and game potential. For example, biomass was approximately 50% greater five than one species. In addition, show between proxies for other biodiversity components. Importantly, no single able promote all services, some were negatively correlated each other. Management will therefore benefit considering sustain the full range benefits society obtains forests.