Hostility and Depression: Longitudinal Study of Data from the National Survey of Families and Households

摘要: Hostility is thought by some researchers to be a correlate of depressive symptoms and others risk factor for depression. Previous studies longitudinal trends in depression hostility suggest that confers depression, but each such study used demographically restricted samples. In contrast, this seeks examine using large sample Americans exhibiting clinically relevant levels symptomatology. Data from the second third waves National Survey Families Households (NSFH) were analyzed structural equation modeling explore relationships between among American adults elevated symptomatology during at least one wave interest (N = 2044). For current sample, measures NSFH found exhibit measurement invariance both across also male female groups participants. Correlations significant positive all specified models, supporting idea represents an intraepisodic feature many. time point, however, did not predict later failing support notion development The present findings have implications understanding heterogeneity clinical presentations diagnostic criteria are discussed with consideration cognitive theory posited Beck as well specificity