The evolution of social philopatry and dispersal in female mammals

摘要: In most social mammals, some females disperse from their natal group while others remain and breed there throughout lives but, in a few, typically after adolescence few individuals group. These contrasts philopatry dispersal have an important consequence on the kinship structure of groups which, turn, affects forms relationships between females. As yet, is still widespread disagreement over reasons for evolution habitual female dispersal, partly as result contrasting definitions dispersal. This paper reviews variation frequency with which leave or range (social dispersal) argues that both avoidance local competition resources breeding opportunities need to find unrelated partners play role within species.