Cyanobacteria: Multiple Stresses, Desiccation-Tolerant Photosynthesis and Di-nitrogen Fixation

摘要: Cyanobacteria are gram-negative photoautotrophic prokaryotes. Their traditional name, i.e., blue green algae, alludes to an aquatic life. Indeed, many cyanobacteria bound a submerged However, ubiquitous on our planet (Whitton and Potts 2000), as shown in Chap. 2 also have very successfully conquered habitats outside the water all over world ranging from occupation of kinds surfaces including rocks high elevation mountains, tropics well Antarctic, soil crusts deserts man-made structures concrete buildings plastic garbage bins. Terrestrial symbionts lichens (Chaps. 5–7). In their terrestrial habitats, subject multitude stress factors or stressors, such light intensities ultraviolet radiation, low temperatures freezing, osmotic stress, salinity drought desiccation (Allakhverdiev et al. 2000; Singh 2002; Lin 2004; 2005; Budel 2008). In-depth studies ecophysiological adaptations plethora stresses increasingly facilitated by accumulation sequence data, available e.g., for Prochlorococcus, Nostoc punctiforme, Gloeobacter Synechococcus. Complete genomic sequences been obtained unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 filamentous, heterocyst-forming Anabaena 7120 (see Introduction (2002) with references).