Susceptibility to indoxacarb and synergism by enzyme inhibitors in laboratory and field strains of five major stored product insects in Pakistan

摘要: Abstract Resistance to commonly used grain protectants and fumigants in stored product insect pests necessitates the need explore alternative substances. Indoxacarb is a reduced-risk oxadiazine insecticide that generally field crops, but there are limited reports of its susceptibility pests. The objective this study was determine indoxacarb laboratory strains five major insects: Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius), Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky), S. oryzae (Linnaeus), Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), using dose-mortality bioassays on wheat grains. In most cases, all studied were significantly higher than corresponding strains. LD50 LD99 values (mg a.i./kg grains) ranged from 0.13 0.38, 3.44 24.76, respectively (for R. dominica), 0.26 0.55, 5.26 19.37, oryzae), 0.41 1.01, 13.11 22.46, zeamais), 0.67 1.37, 15.43 43.44, T. castaneum), 0.52 0.92, 18.06 61.63, O. surinamensis). Synergism implementing piperonyl butoxide or S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate along with selected revealed enhanced indoxacarb. demonstrates relative insects. results support probability metabolic-based mechanisms responsible for mitigating toxicity. might be helpful monitoring future variation species setting rates.