From Knowledge Co-production to Transdisciplinary Research: Lessons from the Quest to Produce Socially Robust Knowledge

摘要: During the past decades, a variety of approaches have emerged to understand and explain transformation processes at science-society interface. Under different labels, these concepts propagated shift from academic, investigator-initiated, discipline-based research more context-driven, problem-focused, multidisciplinary research. These provide core motivational background for specific transdisciplinary initiatives. This article provides an overview understandings divergent styles research, its multifaceted dimensions, pathways, challenges. Practical examples illustrate emergence programs in response new intellectual pragmatic developments. It is concluded that transdisciplinarity gathers heterogeneous sets relationships between epistemic ends means. The authors recommend paying attention qualities necessary understanding practical knowledge enable realization, abilities make implementation findings possible. believed need openness, flexibility, diversity uncertainty will inspire further democratic ways re-organize nexus.