Short-term responses to warming vary between native vs. exotic species and with latitude in an early successional plant community.

摘要: Climate change is expected to favor exotic plant species over native species, because exotics tend have wider climatic tolerances and greater phenological plasticity, also climate may intensify enemy release. Here, we examine direct effects of warming (+ 1.8 °C above ambient) on abundance phenology, as well indirect propagated through herbivores, in two heavily invaded communities Michigan, USA, separated by approximately three degrees latitude. At the northern site, increased 19% but decreased 31%, indicating that be favored a warmer world. Warming resulted earlier spring green-up (1.65 ± 0.77 days), flowering (2.18 ± 0.92 days), damage herbivores (twofold increase), affecting equally. Contrary expectations, plants experienced similar amounts herbivory. did not strong ecological at southern only resulting delay time 2.42 ± 0.83 days for both species. Consistent with release hypothesis, less herbivory than site. Herbivory was lower under Thus, response likely depend additional environmental individual species’ traits.