Menstrual Changes During the Perimenopause

作者: Ian S. Fraser

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4612-2288-0_17

关键词: Menstrual periodOvarian functionDysfunctional uterine bleedingDemographyMenopauseLife ChangeMenstrual bleedingMenstrual blood lossMedicine

摘要: It has been recognized for many years that the perimenopause is a phase during which menstrual pattern may become increasingly variable and erratic as ovarian function gears down to low level. Variations in at this stage of life have substantial implications because they are an important indicator individual women approach major change. Indeed, cessation menses event defines occurrence menopause — “the last natural period woman experiences” can be determined only retrospect.

参考文章(55)
Fraser Is, Markham R, Resta T, McCarron G, Blood and total fluid content of menstrual discharge. Obstetrics & Gynecology. ,vol. 65, pp. 194- 198 ,(1985)
I. S. Fraser, Treatment of menorrhagia. Best Practice & Research in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology. ,vol. 3, pp. 67- 87 ,(1992) , 10.1007/978-1-4471-1931-9_5
Ian S. Fraser, Estrogens and progestogens in clinical practice Churchill Livingstone. ,(1998)
Eileen A. Michie, David T. Baird, Mechanism of menstrual bleeding Raven Press. ,(1985)
Eric Nisbet-Brown, Thomas J. Gill, Thomas G. Wegmann, Immunoregulation and Fetal Survival ,(1987)
Fisher Am, Dysfunctional uterine haemorrhage. The Practitioner. ,vol. 231, pp. 45- 50 ,(1987)
R.B. Wallace, B.M. Sherman, J.A. Bean, A.E. Treloar, L. Schlabaugh, Probability of menopause with increasing duration of amenorrhea in middle-aged women American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. ,vol. 135, pp. 1021- 1024 ,(1979) , 10.1016/0002-9378(79)90729-4
Rudolf F. Vollman, The Menstrual Cycle ,(1977)
Alex Ferenczy, Gracia Bertrand, Morris M. Gelfand, Studies on the cytodynamics of human endometrial regeneration American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. ,vol. 134, pp. 297- 304 ,(1976) , 10.1016/S0002-9378(16)33036-8
Robert Schröder, Endometrial hyperplasia in relation to genital function American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. ,vol. 68, pp. 294- 309 ,(1954) , 10.1016/0002-9378(54)90488-3