Health risks associated with heavy metals in the drinking water of Swat, northern Pakistan
作者： Kifayatullah Khan , Yonglong Lu , Hizbullah Khan , Shahida Zakir , Ihsanullah
DOI: 10.1016/S1001-0742(12)60275-7
关键词: Water source 、 Atomic absorption spectroscopy 、 Environmental science 、 Heavy metals 、 Health risk 、 Water contamination 、 Groundwater 、 Environmental engineering 、 Environmental chemistry 、 Daily intake 、 World health 、 General Environmental Science 、 General Medicine
摘要: The concentrations of heavy metals such as Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were investigated in drinking water sources (surface groundwater) collected from Swat valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. potential health risks to the local population their possible source apportionment also studied. Heavy metal analysed using atomic absorption spectrometer compared with permissible limits set by Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency World Health Organization. Ni higher than respective limits, while Mn observed within limits. risk indicators chronic daily intake (CDI) index (HRI) calculated for adults children separately. CDIs HRIs found order Cr > Cd Cu Zn, respectively. selected less 1, indicating no people. Multivariate univariate statistical analyses showed that geologic anthropogenic activities contamination study area.
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