Hypoxic Stress Forces Adaptive and Maladaptive Placental Stress Responses in Early Pregnancy.

摘要: This review focuses on hypoxic stress and its effects the placental lineage earliest differentiation events in mouse human trophoblast stem cells (TSCs). Although placenta is a decidual organ at end of pregnancy, rapid growth function start pregnancy precedes supports embryo. Earliest requires that TSCs differentiate, however, "hypoxia" growth, but not TSCs. Most literature studies used 2% oxygen which normoxic for Hypoxic happens when level drops below 2%. It decreases anabolism, proliferation, potency/stemness increases differentiation, despite culture conditions would sustain proliferation potency. Thus, to study pathogenesis due TSC dysfunction, it important Many have been performed using 0.5 1% cultured From all these studies, small number has examined lines primary first trimester responses culture. Some other stimuli, aside from stress, are elucidate common unique aspects stress. The key outcomes produced by mitochondrial, anabolic, arrest, this coupled with stemness loss differentiation. can lead depletion miscarriage, or later dysfunctions placentation fetal development. Birth Defects Research 109:1330-1344, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.