How fast can conifers climb mountains? Investigating the effects of a changing climate on the viability of Juniperus seravschanica within the mountains of Oman, and developing a conservation strategy for this tree species

摘要: Abstract The conifer, Juniperus seravschanica is a keystone species within Oman, yet its decline typical of other arid-adapted, montane tree species. This research aimed to identify causes and subsequent viable conservation strategies; strategies that may have wider application for conservation. Decline in J. seravschanica typified by foliar dieback little regeneration via seed; traits most apparent at lower altitudes. evaluated the viability seeds collected three different altitudes: 2100–2220 m (Low), 2300–2400 m (Mid) 2500–2570 m above sea level (High). In addition, young trees were planted these altitudes maintained under differential irrigation. Results showed grown Low altitude produced fewer, less-viable seed. Transplanting proved more successful than seed sowing re-establishing plants wild. Age transplant had an effect, however, with 5-year-old stock showing greater survival (>97%) 2-year-old trees. younger only established well when High altitude, or provided irrigation Mid/Low Water availability did not entirely explain survival, some locations direct heat stress too be limiting viability. Practical measures include identifying genotypes drought/heat tolerances planting mature nursery