The Biarzo case in northern Italy: is the temporal dynamic of swine mitochondrial DNA lineages in Europe related to domestication?

摘要: Genetically-based reconstructions of the history pig domestication in Europe are based on two major pillars: 1) temporal changes mitochondrial DNA lineages related to domestication; 2) Near Eastern haplotypes which appeared and then disappeared some sites across genetic markers first domestic pigs. We typed a small but informative fragment 23 Sus scrofa samples from site north eastern Italy (Biarzo shelter) provides continuous record ≈6,000 year time frame Upper Palaeolithic Neolithic. additionally carried out several radiocarbon dating. found that rapid turnover occurred during Mesolithic, suggesting substantial composition can occur naturally few millennia independently processes. Moreover, so-called were present here at least before arrival Neolithic package same area. Consequently, we recommend re-evaluation previous idea farmers introduced pigs domesticated East, Mesolithic communities acquired via cultural exchanges, include possibility more parsimonious hypothesis local Europe.