Diamonds and the african lithosphere.
作者： F. R. BOYD , J. J. GURNEY
DOI: 10.1126/SCIENCE.232.4749.472
关键词: Mantle (geology) 、 Archean 、 Xenolith 、 Kimberlite 、 Lithosphere 、 Geology 、 Asthenosphere 、 Geochemistry 、 Craton 、 Peridotite
摘要: Data and inferences drawn from studies of diamond inclusions, xenocrysts, xenoliths in the kimberlites southern Africa are combined to characterize structure that portion Kaapvaal craton lies within mantle. The has a root composed large part peridotites strongly depleted basaltic components. asthenosphere boundary shelves depths 170 190 kilometers beneath approximately 140 mobile belts bordering on south west. formed earlier than 3 billion years ago, at time ambient temperatures it were 900° 1200°C; these near those estimated data for erupted Late Cretaceous or present-day heat-flow measurements. Many diamonds believed have crystallized this Archean xenocrysts brought them surface.
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