DNA Fingerprinting Techniques Applied to the Identification, Taxonomy and Community Analysis of Prokaryotes

摘要: The characterization of bacteria or microbial communities at the genotypic level is crucial importance to medical, industrial and environmental microbiology, as well ecology taxonomy. Compared phenotypic testing, molecular methods based on investigation total DNA segments are superior because analysis independent possible variations in cultures due growth media conditions (e.g. temperature, pH, composition media). Furthermore, other such serotyping have been shown be an excellent method for typing certain strains, e.g. Salmonella. However, discriminatory power serotyoing may low groups strains. For example, most strains Staphylococcus aureus (Karakawa et al. 1985) express a single serotype only. During recent years, broad spectrum DNA-fingerprinting techniques developed, covering all ranks between phylum including those taxa that not yet cultured laboratory. At beginning era, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was applied discrimination yeast (Schwartz Cantor 1984). In following decade, resolution genes coding ribosomal RNA identification taxonomy species (Pace 1986; Woese 1987) investigated. Researchers can now choose from wide techniques, spanning applications authentification phylogenetic elucidation epidemiology population structures.