Habitat Policy for Salmon in the Pacific Northwest

摘要: Earlier in the 20th century, habitat decisions were based on a belief that aquatic habitats could be manipulated with technology to benefit salmon, especially terms of fish passage. The importance riparian zones and biophysical watershed processes salmon productivity was poorly appreciated. Recent events, coupled an awareness widespread simplification, have changed this perspective. Spurred by passage state forest practices acts, federal clean air water Boldt tribal fishing rights 1970s, agencies recognized as critical links between terrestrial ecosystems. listing northern spotted owl several stocks (Oncorhynchus spp.) under Endangered Species Act early 1990s prompted team scientists mandate from US President Clinton suggest ecosystem-based approach management relied less engineered substitution more streamside buffers preserved land-water interactions. This constituted landscape-scale application principles adaptive which conservative interim buffer guidelines (i.e., large buffers) adjusted if analysis showed smaller would not likely harm resources.