The role of the activated macrophage in clearing Listeria monocytogenes infection

摘要: Macrophage activation often contributes to the strong immune response elicited upon infection. The ability of macrophages become activated was discovered when sub-lethal primary infections mice with bacterium Listeria monocytogenes provided protection against secondary through non-humoral immunity. L. infect and propagate in by escaping phagosome into cytosol, where they avoid humoral mediators. Activated kill blocking phagosomal escape. timing antimicrobial activities within is crucial outcome. In non-activated macrophages, bacterial factors generally prevail, can escape from vacuoles grow cytoplasm. generate reactive oxygen or nitrogen intermediates early after uptake, which prevent bacteria heterogeneity interactions between macrophage indicate a complex relationship host pathogen governed chemistries that promote inhibit vacuoles. This review examines mechanisms used microbes, how those are employed monocytogenes.