Neurotransmitters in key neurons of the hypothalamus that regulate feeding behavior and body weight

摘要: During the last two decades attention has been focussed on role of different neuropeptides in hypothalamic control feeding behavior. Several peptides that participate ingestive behavior are produced neuronal cell bodies arcuate nucleus and/or lateral area. Apart from producing orexigenic or anorexigenic compounds peptidergic nature, these neurons also produce excitatory and inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitters. The GABA glutamate regulating energy balance received less comparison to neuropeptides. nucleus-median eminence area, a region with weak blood-brain barrier, contains at least populations exert opposing actions balance. majority located ventromedial aspect nucleus, which neuropeptide Y (NPY) agouti-related peptide (AGRP), contain addition GABA-synthesizing enzyme glutamic decarboxylase (GAD) vesicular transporter (VGAT), thereby supporting their GABAergic nature. Some pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)- cocaine- amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART), ventrolateral division have recently reported 2 (VGLUT2), marker for glutamatergic neurons, acetylcholine (ACh) synthesizing choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) as well ACh (VAChT), cholinergic phenotype. In hypocretin/orexin express VGLUT1 VGLUT2, but not GAD, whereas some melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) cells GAD. These observations support view several classical transmitters, relatively neglected transmitters candidates, present key regulate body weight consequently may represent important orexigenic/anorexigenic mediators convey information other within hypothalamus brain regions regulation