Weed Management in Cranberries: A Historical Perspective and a Look to the Future

摘要: Integrated weed management (IWM) has been part of cranberry cultivation since its inception in the early 19th century. Proper site and cultivar selection, good drainage, rapid vine establishment, hand weeding are as important now for successful when industry first started. In 1940, Extension publications listed eight herbicides (e.g., petroleum-based products, inorganic salts sulfates) control. Currently, 18 representing 11 different modes action registered use on cranberries. Nonchemical methods, such weeding, sanding, flooding, proper fertilization, remain integral managing populations; new tactics flame have added to toolbox. Priority ratings developed aid planning. Despite many efforts, biological control weeds remains elusive commercial scale. Evaluation herbicides, unmanned aerial systems (UAS), image analysis, precision agriculture technology; investigation other practices their natural enemies; utilization computational decision making Big Data; determination impact climate change research areas whose results will translate into recommendations cranberry.