Interventions for primary prevention of suicide in university and other post‐secondary educational settings

摘要: BACKGROUND: Suicide is a leading cause of death among post-secondary students worldwide. Suicidal thoughts and planning are common students. Previous reviews have examined the effectiveness interventions for symptomatic individuals; however, many at high risk suicide undiagnosed untreated. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated effect on suicide-related outcomes primary prevention that targeted within setting. SEARCH METHODS: searched following sources up to June 2011: Specialised Registers two Cochrane Groups, Central Register Controlled Trials, nine other databases, trial registers, conference proceedings, websites national international organizations. screened reference lists contacted authors included studies identify additional studies. updated search in November 2013; we will include these results review's next update. SELECTION CRITERIA: tested an intervention using randomized controlled (RCT), before-and-after (CBA), interrupted time series (CITS), or (ITS) study design. Interventions setting (i.e. college, university, academy, vocational, any educational institution) without known mental illness, previous attempt self-harm, suicidal ideation. Outcomes suicides, attempts, ideation, changes knowledge, attitudes behavior, availability means suicide. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: used standardized electronic forms data extraction, bias quality evidence determination, analysis. estimated standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). analysed by type summarized RCT sizes random-effects models meta-analyses; statistical heterogeneity Chi(2) test I(2) statistic. described narratively from designs. MAIN RESULTS: Eight met inclusion criteria. They were heterogeneous terms participants, designs, interventions. Five eight had bias. In 3 RCTs (312 participants), classroom-based didactic experiential programs increased short-term knowledge (SMD = 1.51, CI 0.57 2.45; moderate evidence) 0.72, 0.36 1.07; evidence). The self-efficacy one (152 participants) was uncertain 0.20, -0.13 0.54; low One CBA effects institutional policy restricted student access laboratory cyanide mandated professional assessment incidence decreased significantly university relative 11 control universities, 2.00 vs. 8.68 per 100,000 (Z 5.90; P Language: en