Insecticide resistance, Host preference and Plasmodium falciparum parasite rates in Anopheles mosquitoes in Mwea and Ahero rice schemes

摘要: The ability of Anopheles mosquito to transmit malaria in nature is partly enhanced by; resistance insecticides, feeding preference for human host and infection by Plasmodium falciparum . An assessment was conducted determine the status these parameters populations Mwea Ahero rice irrigation schemes Kenya. This important order understand their potential influence on local transmission. A total 1,200 female mosquitoes (gravid blood fed) were sampled from both sites indoor outdoor methods. samples identification respective species field done using morphological features taxonomic keys. In scheme, all 600 collected An. gambiae s.l out which 195 gravid. Ahero, 250 (out 81 gravid) 350 funestus 181 collected. Gravid allowed oviposit give F 1 generations insectary. These , (four replicates 25 per insecticide) assessed susceptibility permethrin, deltamethrin, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), bendiocarb or fenitrothion standard WHO protocol. Susceptible s.s Kisumu strain (25 100 test mosquitoes) used as positive control. further identified rDNA-PCR legs wings. Source (s) meal 405 Mwea, 169 269 determined Elisa. presence Welch, 1897 salivary glands sporozoite Elisa samples. All arabiensis Patton, 1905, while those a mixed (41.7%), sensu stricto Giles 1900 (57%), rivulorum Leesoni, 1935 (0.66%), leesoni Evans, 1931 (0.3%) parensis Gillies, (0.3%). Mosquito study showed reduced insecticides. had index at 0.22 (n=405).  P. circumsporozoite reported Murinduko village 1.5% (n=200). indices 0.00 (n=169) 0.17 (n=269) respectively. infections Kamagaga Wagai villages 5% (n=147) 2.2% (n=183)