Predation on two vole species by a shared predator: antipredatory response and prey preference

摘要: In prey communities with shared predators, variation in vulnerability is a key factor shaping community dynamics. Conversely, the hunting efficiency of predator depends on structure, preferences and antipredatory behavioural traits prey. We studied experimentally, under seminatural field conditions, responses system consisting two Myodes species voles, grey-sided vole (M. rufocanus Sund.) bank glareolus Schreb.), their specialist predator, least weasel (Mustela nivalis L.). To quantify preference weasels, we developed new modelling framework that can be used for unbalanced data. The were hypothesised to have different habitat-dependent vulnerabilities. created habitats, open forest, provide escape possibilities voles. found weak general weasels voles over somewhat stronger specifically habitats. clearly preferred male females, whereas there was no difference. activity changed time, so increased movements immediately after introduction, but later adjusted times lowered predation risk. Females more active had an elevated mortality risk, case males, result opposite. conclude that, predation, species- or habitat-specific characteristics these are playing minor role compared sex-specific characteristics.