Publication bias. The triumph of hope over experience.

摘要: The appearance of an article in the pages ofTHE JOURNALis result a complex and lengthy process. Scores people, acting as investigators, funding agents, members institutional review boards, authors, reviewers, editors, make decisions that influence what is published. Each decision may be subject to biases: conscious subconscious influences interfere with impartial judgments. editors are uncomfortably aware that, for reasons space timeliness, good often turned down favor best, but when final product published, all concerned like imagine their own were free institutional, hierarchical, political, sexist, racist, other biases. It has been shown one journal these sorts biases largely removed from editorial process by having reviewers blinded names, positions, institutions 1 effort