Dielectric-Polymer Nanocomposite and Thin Film Photonic Crystals: Towards Three-Dimensional Photonic Crystals with a Bandgap in the Visible Spectrum

摘要: The concepts of photonic crystals and bandgap (PBG) were introduced in the late 80s [1] first approximation they are optical analogous to semiconductor energy gap for electrons. They based on periodic structures formed two or more materials, which exhibit a periodicity real space dielectric function. Moreover, refractive index contrast has be larger than certain value, depending relative fill factor respective materials. Thus, diffraction phenomena, such as Bragg difraction, take place. There four main aspects currently motivating research crystals: (1) realisation full PBG across electromagnetic spectrum act, example, highly efficient mirrors, limiters switches. (2) partial waveguiding “moulding” light, is known crystal waveguides, opposed waveguiding. (3) light sources by making use of: (i) strong coupling 3-dimensional (3D) cavity and, (ii) enhanced spontaneous emission rate “defect”, wavelength defined spectroscopically falls within band-gap crystal. (4) dispersion relations represented band structure ultra-refractive super prism, spot focusing, lens, among others, changes group velocity different parts Brillouin zone. This work attempts address third issue some degree fourth.