Fate of Biotoxins in the Environment and Its Health Implications

摘要: Biotoxins are generally referred to as toxic substances that produced naturally and can originate either in fauna or flora. They of animal plant origin produce adverse effects humans other animals. enter the body by ingestion through food water direct exposure air aerosols bites stings. The degree magnitude biological response depends on nature risk factors relative susceptibility/resistance host. Many toxins biomagnified chain ultimately may suffer. Toxins organisms, for defence offence, sometimes used paralyse prey. Several biotoxins have been medicines they most reactive molecules very low concentrations react with specific target sites. Due their specificity, some them pharmacological tools study physiology body. marine organisms potent often reach human population chain. microorganisms like bacteria fungi also be lead several health hazards including allergy mortality. In cause hypotension, bradycardia, negative inotrophic effect heart vasoconstriction skin skeletal muscles. A lectin has isolated which is cytotoxic anticancer agent. decrease bronchial salivary secretions dose. Some important discussed are, namely, okadaic acid, domoic ciguatoxin, scombrotoxin, kainic acid ibotenic acid.